Осмислюючи В. Сухомлинського: трудове навчання як навчальний предмет у сучасній українській школі

Abstract

(uk) У статті досліджуються педагогічні погляди Василя Сухомлинського на трудове виховання дітей та трудове навчання, як навчальний предмет у школі. Звернуто увагу на багаторічний досвід практичної діяльності у викладанні праці Павлиської школи. Проаналізувавши нову редакцію навчальної програми із трудового навчання для 5-9 класів, авторами статті встановлено, що погляди В. Сухомлинського є актуальними за сучасних умов реформування навчальної дисципліни Трудове навчання та Технології.

(ru) В статье исследуются педагогические взгляды Василия Сухомлинского на трудовое воспитание детей и трудовое обучение, как учебный предмет в школе. Обращено внимание на многолетний опыт практической деятельности в преподавании труда Павлышской школы. Проанализировав новую редакцию учебной программы по трудовому обучению для 5-9 классов, авторами статьи установлено, что взгляды В. Сухомлинского актуальны в современных условиях реформирования учебной дисциплины Трудовое обучение и Технологии.

(en) The article examines the pedagogical views of Vasyl Sukhomlinsky on labor education of children and labor training as a school subject. It is established that Sukhomlinsky's principles of labor education are: the unity of labor education and general development - moral, intellectual, aesthetic, physical; disclosure, detection, development of individuality in labor; high morality of labor, its socially useful orientation; early engagement in productive labor; a variety of types of labor; persistence, straightness of labor; presence of signs ofproductive labor of adults in child labor; the creative nature of labor, the combination of efforts of mind and hands; continuity of the content of work, skills and abilities; general character of productive labor; the intensity of labor activity; the unity of labor and the multifaceted spiritual life. The article focuses on the many years of practical experience in teaching labor at Pavlisk school. Sukhomlinsky's views on the purpose of teaching labor training in secondary school consisted in the development of skills and abilities of students, differentiation of interests based on the development of attachments, inclinations and abilities, and the work itself had a polytechnic orientation and contributed to the comprehensive development of the individual. Having analyzed the new edition of the curriculum for labor training for grades 5-9, the authors of the article found that the views of the teacher are relevant in the current conditions of the reform of the academic discipline of Labour training and Technologies. Modern learning approaches are intended to bring the process of labor training closer to the student's vital needs, his interests and natural abilities. Labor training in a modern school contributes to the formation of competencies in students, namely: technical and technological purview; independent and critical thinking; culture of work and life; the development of personal qualities needed for a person as a subject of modern production and cultural development of society, education of responsibility for the results of their own activities.