Сучасні особливості вивчення глобальних проблем людства загальносвітового рівня

Abstract

(ua) У статті розглянуті нові підходи при вивченні глобальних проблем людства, що пов’язані з припиненням гонки озброєння, продовольчою і демографічною кризою, розривом у рівні забезпечення життя між різними прошарками населення, в закладах середньої і вищої освіти у процесі викладання "Безпеки життєдіяльності та охорони праці в галузі" й "Технологій" за рахунок більш ефективного компонування та подачі відповідного лекційного матеріалу з допомогою системи мультимедійних презентацій. Показано, що демографічна проблема, яка поділяється на дві одночасно діючі складові – демографічний . озброєння та загрози ядерної війни. Висвітлено сучасне протиріччя продовольчої проблеми, коли щороку виробляються величезні обсяги продуктів харчування, та майже третина їх викидається або втрачається.

(en) In the article new approaches are considered in the study of global humanity problems related to the termination of the arms race, the food and demographic crisis, the gap in the level of maintenance of life between different sections of the population, in institutions of secondary and higher education in the teaching of "Safety of Life and Safety in the field of Labor" and "Technologies" due to more efficient compilation and presentation of the relevant lecture material through a system of multimedia presentations. An analysis of the problem of the cessation of the arms race shows that it continues to increase its pace. So, in 2003, all the planetary states spent $ 956 billion on arms, which is 11% more than in 2002. The total amount of money spent on defense and armaments in 2004, for the first time in the history of mankind, exceeded 1 trillion dollars. Now this quantity already exceeds 1.7 trillion dollars. In our time, the world’s nuclear powers continue to spend huge amounts of money to maintain and re-equip their nuclear arsenal. Only the Russian Federation spends up to 3 billion dollars each year, and in general, in 2018, 1.5 trillion rubles are allocated for the creation and serial production of armaments and military equipment in Russia. In the United States, more than $ 15 billion goes to support existing nuclear forces, and they plan to spend more than $ 500 billion on their maintenance and upgrades during the 2018-2040 period. The China has launched a long-term modernization program aimed at qualitatively improving the nuclear arsenal, while India, Pakistan and the North Korea are increasing their nuclear stockpile and are actively working on the development of missile systems. After World War II, more than 700 armed conflicts have taken place, including nearly 300 civil war, in which around 100 countries participated, killed up to 45 million people and almost 350 million were refugees. This is despite the fact that the number of refugees annually in the world is already more than 66 million (of which almost 42 million - internal), and the total ever-increasing number of migrants already exceeds 250 million. The analysis of the demographic problem shows that along with the increase in the population in Latin America, the Middle East, Asia, Africa, and large-scale spontaneous migration, in some developed countries of Europe and Ukraine, where mortality exceeds fertility, there is a population decline (depopulation). Each year, the number of people on Earth increases by 70-90 million people, this requires an increase in food production by 30-40 million tons. However, now in many regions, especially in underdeveloped countries, food production is no longer able to meet the needs of the population, resulting in starvation becoming a permanent phenomenon, and the overall high-quality and quantitative malnutrition contributes to the emergence of epidemics of acute infectious and parasitic diseases.