Hörversrehen im deutschunterricht

Abstract

(uk) У статті йдеться про роль аудіювання в навчальному процесі та фактори, які відіграють при цьому важливу роль. Насамперед необхідно тренувати свідоме розуміння мови на слух. Для успішного опрацювання почутого тексту необхідно мати багатий словниковий склад, попередні знання з країнознавства та уявлення про особливості діалектів. Здатність уважно слухати створює основу для подальшої професійної освіти. Тренування слухання сприяє покращенню якості знань з навичок з говоріння, читання письма та перекладу.

(de) Im Artikel geht es darum, welche Rolle das Hörverstehenim Lernprozess hat, welche Faktoren beim Hören und Verstehen eine Rolle spielen. Es wird betont, dass das bewusste Hören trainiert werden soll. Der Wortschatz wirdals der wichtigste Schlüssel zum Hörverstehen genannt. Bei der Verarbeitung des Gehörten sind Erfahrungen in Landeskunde und Vorstellungen von Dialekten wichtig. Hören bildet die Basis für die spätere Berufsausbildung. Man kann dabei Lesen, Schreiben und Übersetzen trainieren.

(en) The article talks about the role of listening in study process and what factors influence on the better text understanding while listening. Listening is the basis of language perception. Acquaintance with oral language skills includes the ability to understand the speaking of other people and the ability to express their thoughts in a foreign language. The problems which complicate the process of understanding the text include the following: lack of language skills, lack of knowledge in the field of ethnography, the presence of dialectic texts, weak vocabulary. A vocabulary is the most important factor in understanding the text, because during the listening you can only understand what you know. It is worth emphasizing that first of all, it is necessary to train the conscious understanding of the text by listening. Listening is a competence that facilitates everyday life and creates a background for further school career and professional education in the future. While listening, the acoustic information is processed. In order to process the information that is heard, it is necessary to have the previous experience and knowledge, values, culture, and also self-perceived and experienced situation. Listening is a comprehensive language-thinking activity. It is based on the installation formed during the individual development of a person in a certain social context and gives it the opportunity to understand the information in the acoustic code, to conduct its selection and evaluation in accordance with the interests or tasks. Listening takes the first place and it is the most significant activity for mastering a foreign language, but from the methodology point of view it is not about training only listening separately. At the same time, other skills are being taught: reading, writing and translation. Therefore, listening plays an important part in learning a foreign language, especially in communicative-oriented learning. In modern teaching methods of foreign languages, the need to form listening as an important skill, without the possession of which it is impossible to communicate in a foreign language, is emphasized.