Розвиток художньо-конструктивних умінь у студентів образотворчих та педагогічних спеціальностей

Abstract

(uk) У статті висвітлено особливості розвитку художньо-конструктивних умінь у студентів художньо-графічних відділень на заняттях з дисциплін дизайнерського спрямування образотворчих та педагогічних спеціальностей. Уточнено поняття «вміння», «конструювання», «конструктивна діяльність» та «художньо-конструктивні вміння». Проаналізовано й запропоновано ряд завдань і методик щодо розвитку у студентів художньо-конструктивних умінь у процесі опанування конкретними навчальними предметами з образотворчого циклу, зокрема, «Формоутворення».

(ru) В статье рассматриваются особенности развития художественно-конструктивных умений у студентов художественно-графических отделений на занятиях по дисциплинам дизайнерского направления изобразительных и педагогических специальностей. Уточнено понятие «умение», «конструирование», «конструктивная деятельность» и «художественно-конструктивные умения». Проанализированы и предложены ряд задач и методик по развитию у студентов художественно-конструктивных умений в процессе освоения конкретных учебных предметов изобразительного цикла, в частности, «Формообразование».

(en) In article are analyzed the sense of the concepts «abilities», «designing», «a constructive activity», «art and constructive abilities». The analysis of publications of special literature which concerns the directions and techniques of formation of art and constructive abilities at students of the graphic and pedagogical directions of preparation is carried out. Was defined features of development of art and constructive abilities of students of the graphic and pedagogical directions of preparation in the course of studying of disciplines of a graphic cycle, in particular «Morphogenesis». Scientific and pedagogical experience which concerns development of art and constructive abilities during studying of disciplines of a graphic cycle was generalized, development of tasks of the students aimed at the development was offered during theoretical and practical training. The analysis of professional features of students showed that development of art and professional abilities is an important component in special training of future art teacher and graphic designer that gives chance productively to reproduce the acquired knowledge and abilities in practice, and also to develop own creative abilities creating new objects and works of art to include pupils in art and constructive activity, promoting their development. It was established what the basis of art and constructive abilities of the student in the course of design activity is graphic and constructive which sense lies in ability to graphic activity and knowledge of the graphic equipment. For this reason, forms, receptions and methods which are developed for assimilation of art and constructive abilities have to be aimed first of all at the development in the student of aspiration to constructive, creative activity with identity preservation. Art and constructive activity is compound or a basis of the developing and individually focused training where knowledge, skills are a way of self-realization of the personality. The student independently chooses and processes information, makes hypotheses, makes decisions, relying on own opinion, at the view of a problem. Special tasks which are aimed at development of constructive abilities in students of graphic and pedagogical features with disciplines of the graphic direction promote perception, representation and creative reproduction of objects of art.