К исторической ономастике Словакии: несколько сарматских гидронимов
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Date
2016
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Наука
Abstract
(ru) Статья посвящена этимологическому анализу группы топонимов, обозначавших различные географические объекты на территории исторической Словакии. Структура этих слов не поддается объяснению в рамках славянского или венгерского вокабуляра, напротив находя соответствия в рамках иранского словаря, что дает основания считать их следами сармато-аланского присутствия в ареале архаичной славянской (словацкой) топонимии. Полученные предварительные результаты позволяют реконструировать ряд сармато-аланских терминов топографической номенклатуры.
(en) The article deals with the etymological analysis of a toponymic grope, which denoted several geographical objects on the territory of historical Slovakia. The structure of these words can not be explained with the Slavonic or Hungarian vocabulary; on the opposite, it corresponds to some lexemes in the Iranian vocabulary. This fact and also the analysis of other etymological versions allow the researchers to suppose that these toponyms are presumably traces of the Sarmatian-Alan presence in the area of archaic Slavonic (Slovac) toponymy. Due to the preliminary results of etymological analysis and reconstruction it is arguable that some of the analyzed (presumably Sarmatian-Alan) lexemes were being used as geographical terms: *netr-fus (< *naitra-pasu-) ‘sheep ford’, *afs-xvar (~ khorezm. ’b-xw’rc) ‘watering place’, *fus-cata ‘sheep lake’, *hankan, *kaf-nadi- ‘river abounding with fish’, *kard-porata or *xard-porata ‘a dirty river’, *parkan (~ sogd. prkn, Middle Pers. pargm), *pa0-‘(water)way’, *tar-kan ‘a dark well’, *astur-xan or *astur-kan (~ osset. digor. ustur-don) ‘a big well’, *vaza-xan or *vaza-kan ‘a place of confluence the river and the irrigation ditch’. Perhaps the most ancient stratum of these toponyms goes back to the earliest AD. It is possible that * netr- fu s is just an Iranian (Sarmatian) adaptation of a more ancient Indo- Aryan geographical name.
(en) The article deals with the etymological analysis of a toponymic grope, which denoted several geographical objects on the territory of historical Slovakia. The structure of these words can not be explained with the Slavonic or Hungarian vocabulary; on the opposite, it corresponds to some lexemes in the Iranian vocabulary. This fact and also the analysis of other etymological versions allow the researchers to suppose that these toponyms are presumably traces of the Sarmatian-Alan presence in the area of archaic Slavonic (Slovac) toponymy. Due to the preliminary results of etymological analysis and reconstruction it is arguable that some of the analyzed (presumably Sarmatian-Alan) lexemes were being used as geographical terms: *netr-fus (< *naitra-pasu-) ‘sheep ford’, *afs-xvar (~ khorezm. ’b-xw’rc) ‘watering place’, *fus-cata ‘sheep lake’, *hankan, *kaf-nadi- ‘river abounding with fish’, *kard-porata or *xard-porata ‘a dirty river’, *parkan (~ sogd. prkn, Middle Pers. pargm), *pa0-‘(water)way’, *tar-kan ‘a dark well’, *astur-xan or *astur-kan (~ osset. digor. ustur-don) ‘a big well’, *vaza-xan or *vaza-kan ‘a place of confluence the river and the irrigation ditch’. Perhaps the most ancient stratum of these toponyms goes back to the earliest AD. It is possible that * netr- fu s is just an Iranian (Sarmatian) adaptation of a more ancient Indo- Aryan geographical name.
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Keywords
сарматы, иранская лексика, форма, этимология, семантика, реконструкция, гидроним, Sarmatians, etymology, form, semantics, reconstruction, Iranian vocabulary, hydronym
Citation
Илиади А. И. К исторической ономастике Словакии: несколько сарматских гидронимов / Александр Иванович Илиади // Индоевропейское языкознание и классическая филология-XX (чтения памяти И. М. Тронского) : материалы Международной конференции, 20–22 июня 2016 г. / Отв. редактор Н. Н. Казанский. – СПб. : Наука, 2016. – С. 354–362.